The physical presence of a data centre impacts the infrastructure of its surrounding area:
- Grid Overloading: Data centres consume unprecedented amounts of electricity. A single large facility can consume as much power as a small city, placing immense strain on local energy grids and increasing the risk of blackouts for residents.
- Water Scarcity: Many facilities rely on evaporative cooling systems to keep servers from melting. This consumes millions of litres of fresh water daily, which can deplete local reservoirs and water tables during droughts.
- Chemical Pollution: Data centres rely on massive industrial diesel generators for backup power. Regular testing and prolonged emergency use release high volumes of nitrogen oxides and particulate matter into the local air.