"THE CHURCH AND THE JEWISH QUESTION" - AN ESSAY BY DIETRICH BONHOEFFER - APRIL 1933
Bonhoeffer's essay was the first to address the new problems the church face under the Nazi dictatorship...The real question, he argued, was how the church would judge and respond to the Nazi state's actions against the Jews. The essay was completed in the days following the April 1, 1933, boycott of Jewish businesses.
In autumn 1933, the Deutsche Christen ('German Christians') gained control of many Protestant church governments throughout Germany; their policy of excluding those with 'Jewish blood' from the ministry was approved, September 1933, by the national church synod at Wittenberg.
In May 1934, the anti-Nazi Confessing Church was organised in Barmen, Germany. Bonhoeffer bitterly opposed the Aryan paragraph, arguing that its ratification surrendered Christian precepts to political ideology.